Bishu Shanzhuang (Mountain Resort for Escaping the Heat)
While the "Winter Palace," as Beijing's Forbidden City was sometimes called, was the creation of the indigenous Ming dynasty, the summer palace at Chengde was entirely the creation of the Manchu Qing, and lay beyond the Great Wall in the direction of their homelands. Here the emperor and the Manchu nobility would play at the equestrian and military talents, which had won them China in the first place, both with formal contests in archery and with hunting in the well-stocked park. The lakes and their many pavilions, stuffed with treasures, provided the emperor and his consorts with more refined diversions.
There's a half day of wandering here, although many of the buildings shown as lying within the park have long since vanished. The most important remaining is theZheng Gong (Main Palace).The message here is one of simplicity and frugality (the beams and columns are very plain, although actually made of hardwoods brought long distances at great expense), with a pleasing elegance in great contrast to the usual Qing gaudiness. The palace now serves as a museum, displaying ancient military equipment in the front rooms and period furnishings and antiquities at the rear.
Straight north, up the west side of lakes dotted with pavilions and crossed by many bridges, lies theWenjin Ge (Pavilion of Literary Delight),a ripple-roofed southern-style building reached through a rockery, which is a copy of a famous library building from Ningbo.
A little farther northeast, the handsomeLiu He Ta (Pagoda of the Six Harmonies)is the most striking building in the park. Its nine brick stories have green- or yellow-tiled eaves hung with bells and topped by a golden knob.
The pagoda is near the east entrance of the park, close to which the retired and unemployed can be found enjoying a game of croquet. If you've already examined the gaudy pavilions around the lakes, it's possible to leave this way to walk or catch a bus to the Eight Outer Temples.
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| Hours | 5:30am-6:30pm (to 6pm in winter) | |
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| Location | Main entrance (Zheng Men) in Lizheng Men Dajie | |
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| Prices | Admission ¥90 ($11), ¥60 ($7.50) winter | |
